• Iranian Scythians moved from Central Asia to Europe. Cimmerians, Iranians who had arrived earlier, moved south and conquered the Urartu [690] and Phrygians [690], ending their history.
• Assyria conquered Phoenician cities [677, Sidon; 672, Tyre] and took north [671] and central [663] Egypt.
• Nubia abandoned southern Egypt [656]. Egypt broke away from Assyria [655] and tried to restore the culture of its Great Pyramid era [655/587, Saite Revival].
• Slaves rebelled against Sparta [650]. Fearing additional slave revolts, Sparta adopted a military culture [610].