• Visigoths attacked Italy [398/402]. Rome moved its capital to Ravenna [402].
• East Germanic Vandals crossed a frozen river and attacked France [406]. Visigoths helped Rome defeat the Vandals and received land in France as a reward [419/507, Toulouse]. The Vandals moved south and seized power in North Africa [430/536].
• Mongol Juan-Juan united and disrupted Silk Roads trade [407/551, First Mongol Empire]. Trade by sea increased and Khmer Funan prospered because ships stopped at its ports [400/550].